引用
中国新闻网(张蔚然
)的新闻:美国总统奥巴马当地时间3日在华盛顿宣布“终极版”减排计划,对美国温室气体排放施加更严格限制,称这是迄今美国应对气候变化迈出的“最重要”一步。据计划,到2030年美国发电厂碳排放目标将在2005年基础上减少32%,这意味着大量燃煤电厂将关闭,太阳能和风能发电获得全新发展动力。
奥巴马当天在白宫宣布这份清洁能源计划。他说,气候变化是人类面临的最大威胁,过去30年患有哮喘病的美国人增加一倍以上,从西部地区严重干旱和火灾、多地创下持续高温记录,到海平面上升和冰盖缩小,气候变化在影响每个社区,现在必须采取行动。
他表示,目前美国发电厂造成的碳排放占全美碳排放总量的三分之一,比汽车、飞机和美国家庭产生的碳排放总和还多,根据计划,到2030年,发电站碳排放目标将在2005年基础上减少32%,这比之前政府拟定的减排目标提高9个百分点。此举意味着届时美国将消除8.7亿吨二氧化碳大气污染,其效果相当于1.66亿辆车停驶。到2030年,美国因发电厂排放而造成过早死亡的人数将下降90%,每年
儿童哮喘病发作次数将减少9万次。
根据计划,美国还将加大对清洁能源的投资,到2030年,清洁能源的比例目标将提高到28%,每户美国家庭的年均能源账单将降低85美元。
虽然美国各州能源结构不同,有些州高度依赖传统能源发电,但都须于2016年提交减排初步方案,2018年提交最终方案。白宫认为,新的清洁能源计划还将为今年12月在巴黎举行的气候大会提供新动力,美方希望与各国合作达成一份协议。
美国各界对奥巴马“终极版”减排计划反应不一。美国太阳能产业协会盛赞这是一份“历史性”的好计划,称太阳能产业比其他产业更能创造就业,其电网运营安全可靠,是各州发展清洁能源的最佳选择。但美国矿业协会、洁净煤电联盟、全美农村
电力合作协会等组织认为,新方案将扼杀就业,一些州将不得不建造更多太阳能或风电厂,这将推高成本,导致最低收入群体电费账单至少上涨10%。一些协会决定起诉政府,通过法律手段阻止计划实施,不排除官司最终诉至美最高法院。
对于批评的声音,奥巴马表示针对新计划的“虚假批评”是在为不作为寻找借口。他强调,“人类只有一个家,只有一个地球,(气候变化
问题)没有B计划”。
美国媒体报道称,如果奥巴马减排计划最终获得法院支持,美国数百家煤电厂将被迫关门,新的煤电厂停止建设,太阳能和风能产业获得“井喷式”发展。(完)
以下为部分内容:
The EPA Administrator, Gina McCarthy, signed the following notice on 8/3/2015, and EPA is submitting it for publication in the Federal Register (FR). While we have taken steps to ensure the accuracy of this Internet version of the rule, it is not the official version of the rule for purposes of compliance. Please refer to the official version in a forthcoming FR publication, which will appear on the Government Printing Office's FDSys website (http://gpo.gov/fdsys/search/home.action) and on Regulations.gov (http://www.regulations.gov) in Docket Nos. EPA‐HQ‐OAR‐2013‐0495 and EPA‐HQ‐OAR‐2013‐0603. Once the official version of this document is published in the FR, this version will be removed from the Internet and replaced with a link to the official version.
6560-50-P
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 60, 70, 71, and 98
[EPA-HQ-OAR-2013-0495; EPA-HQ-OAR-2013-0603; FRL-9930-66-OAR]
RIN 2060-AQ91
Standards of Performance for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from New, Modified, and Reconstructed Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing new source performance standards (NSPS) under Clean Air Act (CAA) section 111(b) that, for the first time, will establish standards for emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed affected fossil fuelfired electric utility generating units (EGUs). This action establishes separate standards of performance for fossil fuelfired electric utility steam generating units and fossil fuelfired stationary combustion turbines. This action also addresses related permitting and reporting issues. In a separate action, under CAA section 111(d), the EPA is issuing final emission guidelines for states to use in developing plans to limit CO2
This document is a prepublication version, signed by EPA Administrator, Gina McCarthy on 8/3/2015. We have taken steps to ensure the accuracy of this version, but it is not the official version.
emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired EGUs. DATES: This final rule is effective on [insert date 60 days after date of publication in the Federal Register]. The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal ...