Momentum is building around the world for carbon pricing instruments:

全球范围内碳定价工具的发展势头正在增强：

Currently 40 national and 25 sub-national jurisdictions put a price on carbon.

These carbon pricing initiatives cover 8 gigatons of CO2e, which is equal to 15% of global GHG emissions.

Of the 46 carbon pricing initiatives under way or planned for implementation, 23 are ETSs, applied mainly across subnational jurisdictions, and 23 are carbon taxes, primarily implemented on the national level.

目前有40 个国家和25 个次国家司法管辖区对碳定价。

这些碳定价举措涵盖80亿吨二氧化碳当量，相当于全球温室气体排放量的15%。

在正在进行或计划实施的46 项碳定价举措中，23 项是碳排放交易体系，主要在国家以下辖区实施，23 项是碳税，主要在国家层面实施。

Various carbon pricing approaches are being implemented. They tend to fall on the continuum between purely a price signal and purely an ETS. They are designed to benefit from both the predictable pricing of a price signal and the flexibility offered by an ETS. The emerging trend across carbon pricing approaches is a move towards international linkage of carbon markets.

各种碳定价方法正在实施。它们往往处于纯粹价格信号和纯粹 ETS 之间的连续体。它们旨在受益于价格信号的可预测定价和 ETS 提供的灵活性。碳定价方法的新趋势是碳市场国际联动的发展。